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Case 18. What’s New from CROI 2026 with Dr. Paul Sax

/ 43:23/E18 Download MP3
Dr. Paul Sax, author of an annual “Really Rapid Review of the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI),” joins host Eileen Scully to review CROI 2026 abstracts of particular interest to clinicians taking care of patients with HIV.

CROI 2026 abstracts: 
Abstracts are cited within the transcript text and those cited are listed below in numerical order, with the abstract number, authors, and title for each.
[Note: CROI abstracts are available online now to conference attendees. Per the IAS-USA website: “Non-registrants will get access to the Program and Information Guide with Session and Presentation Titles one week after CROI, access to abstracts through the Abstract archive on the day after the abstract is presented, and the Abstract eBook 30 days after the close of the conference.” At that time the 2026 abstracts will be available through the searchable abstract database to anyone. If you’re interested in any of the abstracts mentioned in this discussion, check the CROI website in late April.]
  • Abstract 126. Kapoor, Y. MK-8527 Phase III Dose Selection for Monthly Oral HIV-1 Preexposure Prophylaxis. 
  • Abstract 128. Ndlovu, N et al, Twice-Yearly Subcutaneous Lenacapavir for PrEP: Updated HIV-1 Incidence and Safety Data in PURPOSE 1.
  • Abstract 129. Cantos Lucio, VD. Lenacapavir for PrEP: HIV-1 Incidence and Safety From PURPOSE 2 at End of Randomized Blinded Phase.
  • Abstract 134. Edgar, J. Altered Viral Kinetics at ATI After Dual LS-bNAbs Plus ART: A Preliminary Analysis of RIO Arm B.
  • Abstract 140. Pires Dos Santos, AG., Immune-Mediated Viral Control With Budigalimab ± Trosunilimab: First Results of Phase II Global RCT.
  • Abstract 142. Haser, G et al., Hepatitis B Reactivation/Infection in People With HIV on Tenofovir-Sparing Antiretroviral Therapy.
  • Abstract 177. Rockstroh, JK et al., DOR/ISL (100/0.25 mg) vs BIC/FTC/TAF for Initial HIV-1 Therapy: Week 48 Results of a Phase III Study.
  • Abstract 181. Cantos Lucio, VD. Lenacapavir for PrEP: HIV-1 Incidence and Safety From PURPOSE 2 at End of Randomized Blinded Phase.
  • Abstract 529. Spinelli, M. et al, Virologic Outcomes After LA ART Initiation With and Without Viremia in 2 Large US Clinic Cohorts.
  • Abstract 530. Chan, NY, et al. Week-24 Outcomes of Long-Acting Injectable ART in People With HIV and Suboptimal Viral Suppression.
  • Abstract 593. Dieterich, DT et al., HIV-HBV Coinfection and Long-Acting Cabotegravir + Rilpivirine in the US: HBV and HIV Outcomes.
  • 513: Meissner, E. et al. Phase III Efficacy and Safety of Switch From B/F/TAF to Single-Tablet BIC/LEN in ARTISTRY-2.
  • 197: Seib, KL, Meningococcal B (4CMenB) Vaccination for the Prevention of Gonorrhea in Men Who Have Sex With Men.
References Cited:
  • Bekker LG, Das M, Abdool Karim Q, et al; PURPOSE 1 Study Team. Twice-Yearly Lenacapavir or Daily F/TAF for HIV Prevention in Cisgender Women. N Engl J Med. 2024 Oct 3;391(13):1179-1192. Epub 2024 Jul 24. PMID: 39046157.
  • Kelley CF, Acevedo-Quiñones M, Agwu AL, et al; PURPOSE 2 Study Team. Twice-Yearly Lenacapavir for HIV Prevention in Men and Gender-Diverse Persons. N Engl J Med. 2025 Apr 3;392(13):1261-1276. Epub 2024 Nov 27. PMID: 39602624.
  • Ombajo LA, Penner J, Nkuranga J, et al. Second-Line Switch to Dolutegravir for Treatment of HIV Infection. N Engl J Med. 2023 Jun 22;388(25):2349-2359. PMID: 37342923.
  • Paton NI, Musaazi J, Kityo C, et al; NADIA Trial Team. Dolutegravir or Darunavir in Combination with Zidovudine or Tenofovir to Treat HIV. N Engl J Med. 2021 Jul 22;385(4):330-341. PMID: 34289276.
  • Rockstroh JK, Kassim S, Paredes Ret al. Fixed-dose daily doravirine (100 mg) with islatravir (0·25 mg) versus bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide for initial HIV-1 therapy: 48-week results of a phase 3, randomised, controlled, double-blind, non-inferiority trial. Lancet HIV. 2026 Feb 25:S2352-3018(26)00033-0. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41763226.
  • Severe P, Pierre S, Homeus F, et al. Bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide versus ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy in people with HIV and viral suppression on second-line therapy in Haiti: an open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial. Lancet HIV. 2025 Sep;12(9):e616-e626. Erratum in: Lancet HIV. 2026 Feb;13(2):e84. Erratum in: Lancet HIV. 2026 Feb 24:S2352-3018(26)00037-8. PMID: 40883049.
Resources from Paul E. Sax, MD:
Related NYSDOH AIDS Institute Clinical Guidelines:

Case 18. What’s New from CROI 2026 with Dr. Paul Sax

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